HSS Reference Guide No. 1: Composite HSS
Design Manuals/Design Guides
![HSS Reference Guide No. 1: Composite HSS 1 STI HSS Vol2A 2016 Manual Cover 120120 HSS Reference Guide No. 1: Composite HSS](https://steeltubeinstitute.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/04/STI-HSS-Vol2A-2016-Manual-Cover_120120.png)
STI HSS Design Manual, Volume 2A: Member Design
- HSS composite column allowable axial compression tables for round, square, and rectangular A500 Grade C and A1085 HSS, with 4 ksi normal weight concrete fill, and no longitudinal reinforcing steel, up to a maximum ungraced length of 65 ft.
- HSS maximum dimensions for compact, non-compact, and slender composite columns.
![HSS Reference Guide No. 1: Composite HSS 2 AISC Steel Construction Manual](https://steeltubeinstitute.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/03/AISC_Steel_Construction_Manual_600w.png)
AISC 16th Ed. Steel Construction Manual and 360-22 Specification
Specification 360-22: Chapter I, “DESIGN OF COMPOSITE MEMBERS” and Appendix 2, “DESIGN OF FILLED COMPOSITE MEMBERS (HIGH STRENGTH)”
![HSS Reference Guide No. 1: Composite HSS 3 Companion to the AISC Steel Construction Manual Volume 1: Design Examples, Version 16.0](https://steeltubeinstitute.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/06/AISC-Companion-Manual-Vol1-530w.png)
Companion to the AISC Steel Construction Manual Volume 1: Design Examples, Version 16.0
Examples in Chapter I , “DESIGN OF COMPOSITE MEMBERS”
![HSS Reference Guide No. 1: Composite HSS 4 Companion to the AISC Steel Construction Manual Volume 2: Design Tables, Version 16.0](https://steeltubeinstitute.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/06/AISC-Companion-Manual-Vol2-530w.png)
Companion to the AISC Steel Construction Manual Volume 2: Design Tables, Version 16.0
Tables 4-A through 4-F : HSS composite column allowable axial compression tables for round, square, and rectangular A500 Grade C HSS, with 4 ksi or 5 ksi normal weight concrete, without longitudinal reinforcing steel, up to a maximum unbraced length of 40 ft.
![HSS Reference Guide No. 1: Composite HSS 5 AISC Design Guide 24 - Hollow Structural Sections Connections](https://steeltubeinstitute.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/03/AISC_Design-Guide-24-HSS_rev_600w.jpg)
AISC Design Guide 24: Hollow Structural Section Connections (Second Edition)
By Jeffrey A. Packer and Kimberley Olson, 2024
Chapter 1, Section 1.5.5, “Concrete Filling”
![HSS Reference Guide No. 1: Composite HSS 6 CIDECT Design Guide 5 for Concrete Filled Hollow Section Columns Under Static and Seismic Loading](https://steeltubeinstitute.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/06/CIDECT-Design-Guide5-Concrete-Filled-HSS.jpg)
CIDECT Design Guide 5 for Concrete Filled Hollow Section Columns Under Static and Seismic Loading
By R. Bergmann, C. Matsui, C. Meinsma, and D. Dutta, 1995
Articles
![HSS Reference Guide No. 1: Composite HSS 7 Composite Concrete Filled HSS: Design Considerations - cover](https://steeltubeinstitute.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/06/HSS_Article_Composite_Concrete_Filled_HSS-cover-612w.png)
STI Article: Composite Concrete Filled HSS: Design Considerations
By Jason Ericksen, 2016
![HSS Reference Guide No. 1: Composite HSS 8 Practical Guidance for Concrete Filled HSS Columns - cover](https://steeltubeinstitute.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/06/HSS_Article_PracticalGuidance_ConcreteFilled_HSS_cover.png)
STI Article: Practical Guidance for Concrete Filled HSS Columns
By Kim Olson, 2015
![HSS Reference Guide No. 1: Composite HSS 9 Filling the Void: A Central Resource for Designing Concrete Filled HSS Columns - cover](https://steeltubeinstitute.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/06/HSS_Filling_the_Void_Cover_500x647.jpg)
STI HSS Insider Article: Filling the Void: A Central Resource for Designing Concrete Filled HSS Columns
By Mike Manor, STI HSS Insider, June 2024
![HSS Reference Guide No. 1: Composite HSS 10 Concrete-Filled Double-Skin Tubes - cover](https://steeltubeinstitute.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/06/HSS_Article_ConcreteFilled_DoubleSkinTubes_cover.png)
STI Article: Concrete-Filled Double-Skin Tubes
By Jeffrey A. Packer, 2015
![HSS Reference Guide No. 1: Composite HSS 11 Modern Steel Construction Article: Composite Column Design - cover](https://steeltubeinstitute.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/06/Composite-Column-Design-MSC-Article-Cover.png)
Modern Steel Construction Article: Composite Column Design
By Roberto Leon and Larry Griffis, Modern Steel Construction, August 2005
![HSS Reference Guide No. 1: Composite HSS 12 Composite Column Connections HSS Reference Guide No. 1: Composite HSS](https://steeltubeinstitute.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/06/Composite-Column-Connections.png)
STI Article: Composite Column Connections
By Kim Olson, 2020
![HSS Reference Guide No. 1: Composite HSS 13 Considerations for Use of HSS in Seismic Frame Systems](https://steeltubeinstitute.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/06/Considerations-Use-HSS-Seismic-Frame-Systems.png)
STI Article: Considerations for Use of HSS in Seismic Frame Systems
By Jason McCormick, 2017
![HSS Reference Guide No. 1: Composite HSS 14 Concrete Filled HSS Connections HSS Reference Guide No. 1: Composite HSS](https://steeltubeinstitute.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/06/Concrete-Filled-HSS-Connections.png)
STI Article: Concrete-Filled HSS Connections
By Jeffrey A. Packer, 2020
![HSS Reference Guide No. 1: Composite HSS 15 HSS Bollards PDF cover](https://steeltubeinstitute.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/06/HSS_Article_HSS-Bollards_cover.png)
STI HSS Insider Article: HSS Bollards
By Jeffrey A. Packer, STI HSS Insider, October 2021
Webinars
![HSS Reference Guide No. 1: Composite HSS 16 Concrete-filled HSS](https://steeltubeinstitute.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/12/Concrete-Filled-HSS_600x400.jpg)
STI Webinar on Demand: Concrete Filled Tubes
By Kim Olson, November 2020
![HSS Reference Guide No. 1: Composite HSS 17 NASCC Presentation Proceeding Concrete Filled HSS 600w HSS Reference Guide No. 1: Composite HSS](https://steeltubeinstitute.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/06/NASCC-Presentation-Proceeding-Concrete-Filled-HSS-600w.png)
NASCC Presentation Proceeding: Concrete Filled HSS
By Jason McCormick, April 2019
Software/Design Tools
![HSS Reference Guide No. 1: Composite HSS 18 Column XLS Composite HSS HSS Reference Guide No. 1: Composite HSS](https://steeltubeinstitute.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/06/Column-XLS-Composite-HSS.png)
STI HSS Spreadsheet Design Aids: HSS Composite Column Design Aid
This spreadsheet calculates the axial capacity of a composite HSS column section filled with concrete per AISC 360-22 Chapter I.
![HSS Reference Guide No. 1: Composite HSS 19 Etabs 07 Composite Columns 600w HSS Reference Guide No. 1: Composite HSS](https://steeltubeinstitute.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/06/Etabs-07-Composite-Columns-600w.png)
ETABS – 07 Composite Columns: Watch & Learn (youtube.com)
Learn about the ETABS 3D finite element based building analysis and design program and the options available for creating composite columns.
Research Papers/Conference Proceedings
![HSS Reference Guide No. 1: Composite HSS 20 AISC Engineering Journal: Limit State Response of Composite Columns and Beam-Columns Part 1: Formulation of Design Provisions for the 2005 AISC Specification](https://steeltubeinstitute.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/06/AISC-Engineering-Journal-Limit-State-Response-Composite-Columns-Beam-Columns-P1.png)
AISC Engineering Journal: Limit State Response of Composite Columns and Beam-Columns Part 1: Formulation of Design Provisions for the 2005 AISC Specification
By Roberto T. Leon, Dong Keon Kim, and Jerome F. Hajjar, AISC Engineering Journal, 2007, Fourth Quarter
![HSS Reference Guide No. 1: Composite HSS 21 ASCE Journal SE High Stength Rectangular CFT Members HSS Reference Guide No. 1: Composite HSS](https://steeltubeinstitute.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/06/ASCE-Journal-SE-High-Stength-Rectangular-CFT-Members.png)
ASCE Journal of Structural Engineering: High-Strength Rectangular CFT Members: Database, Modeling, and Design of Short Columns
By Zhichao Lai and Amit Varma, ASCE Journal of Structural Engineering, Volume 144, Issue 5, May 2018
![HSS Reference Guide No. 1: Composite HSS 22 Proceedings Annual Stability Conference HSS Reference Guide No. 1: Composite HSS](https://steeltubeinstitute.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/06/Proceedings-Annual-Stability-Conference.png)
Proceedings of the Annual Stability Conference Structural Stability Research Council: The Interaction of Section and Member Slenderness on the Behavior of High Strength Composite Filled Tube (CFT) Members
By Abdullah Alghossoon and Amit Varma, April 2024
STI FAQs
- STI FAQ: Capacities of Composite Columns
- FAQ – Rehabilitation of Concrete Columns using HSS Encasing
Fire Resistance
![HSS Reference Guide No. 1: Composite HSS 23 HSS Insider Article: Keeping Your Cool: How to Get Started With HSS Fire Ratings](https://steeltubeinstitute.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/06/HSS_Article_FireRating_cover.png)
STI HSS Insider Article: Keeping Your Cool: How to Get Started With HSS Fire Ratings
By Mike Manor, STI HSS Insider, Dec. 2022
![HSS Reference Guide No. 1: Composite HSS 24 Fire Protection of HSS - cover](https://steeltubeinstitute.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/06/HSS_Article_FireProtection_HSS-cover.png)
STI Article: Fire Protection of HSS
By Brady Golinski, 2017
![HSS Reference Guide No. 1: Composite HSS 25 HSS Insider - Fire Resistance interview article cover](https://steeltubeinstitute.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/06/HSS-Insider-Fire-Resistance.png)
STI HSS Insider Interview: How Fire Resistance and Progressive Collapse Shape the Steel Industry and Beyond
Subject Matter Expert: Dr. Spencer Quiel, STI HSS Insider, Dec. 2022
![HSS Reference Guide No. 1: Composite HSS 26 Fire Protection HSS Cover HSS Reference Guide No. 1: Composite HSS](https://steeltubeinstitute.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/05/Fire_Protection_HSS_Cover.png)
STI Webinar on Demand: Fire Protection of HSS
By Brady Golinski, 2018
![HSS Reference Guide No. 1: Composite HSS 27 AISC Design Guide 19 cover](https://steeltubeinstitute.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/06/AISC-Design-Guide-19.jpg)
AISC Design Guide 19: Fire Resistance of Structural Steel Framing
By John L. Ruddy, Joseph P. Marlo, Socrates A. Ioannides, and Farid Alfawakhiri, 2003
Chapter VI, Section VI.8.9, “Concrete-Filled HSS Columns”
![HSS Reference Guide No. 1: Composite HSS 28 Design of Concrete-Filled Hollow Structural Steel Columns for Fire Endurance](https://steeltubeinstitute.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/06/AISC-Engineering-Journal-Design-Concrete-Filled-HSS-Fire-Endurance.png)
AISC Engineering Journal: Design of Concrete-Filled Hollow Structural Steel Columns for Fire Endurance
By Venkatesh Kodur and David MacKinnon, AISC Engineering Journal, 2000, First Quarter
![HSS Reference Guide No. 1: Composite HSS 29 International Journal of High-Rise Buildings: Enhancing the Fire Performance of Concrete-Filled Steel Columns Through System-Level Analysis](https://steeltubeinstitute.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/06/International-Journal-High-Rise-Buildings-Fire-Performance.png)
International Journal of High-Rise Buildings: Enhancing the Fire Performance of Concrete-Filled Steel Columns Through System-Level Analysis
By R.S. Fike1 and V.K.R. Kodur, et al, International Journal of High-Rise Buildings, 2013
![HSS Reference Guide No. 1: Composite HSS 30 Architectural Record: Concrete-Filled Hollow Structural Sections (HSS), an Unbeatable Combination](https://steeltubeinstitute.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/06/Architectural-Record-Concrete-Filled-HSS-Unbeatable-Combination.png)
Architectural Record: Concrete-Filled Hollow Structural Sections (HSS), an Unbeatable Combination
Architectural Record, 2017
![HSS Reference Guide No. 1: Composite HSS 31 CIDECT - Design Guide 4 cover](https://steeltubeinstitute.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/06/CIDECT-Design-Guide-4.jpg)
CIDECT Design Guide 4 for Structural Hollow Section Columns Exposed to Fire
Section 4.3, “Assessment methods for unprotected columns” and Table 4.1, “Minimum cross-sectional dimensions, reinforcement ratios and axis distances of the re-bars for fire resistance classification for various degrees of utilization μ ”
By L. Twilt, R. Hass, W. Klingsch, M. Edwards, and D. Dutta, 1994